(HealthDay News) -- Obese people are already at risk for a range of health issues, but their problems can be made worse if they feel they are being discriminated against because of their weight, researchers say.
The new study included 1,500 adults, aged 25 to 74, who were surveyed in 1995 and again in 2005 as part of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States. Using a measurement based on height and weight called the body mass index (BMI), Purdue University researchers compared the participants' BMIs to their health and perceptions of weight discrimination.
The results are published in the March issue of the journal Social Psychology Quarterly.
"As expected, those who were obese fared worse in overall health when they were followed up with 10 years later. But we found there was a difference among those who felt they were discriminated against and those who didn't," study leader Markus H. Schafer, a doctoral student in sociology and gerontology, said in a journal news release.
Discrimination was reported by about 11 percent of participants who were moderately obese and 33 percent of those who were severely obese. These two groups had the sharpest decline over time in their functional abilities to perform daily activities, such as being able to climb stairs or carry items.
"Obesity is a physiological issue, but when people have negative interactions in their social world -- including a sense of being discriminated against -- it can make matters worse and contribute to a person's declining physical health," Schafer said.
The study findings suggest that many obese people "are internalizing the prejudice and stigma they feel, and it contributes to stress, which ultimately affects their health," he added.
*Obesity is a major epidemic in our society. When you think about the health issues associated with being obese in American society; they are astounding! When you look at how society reacts to an obese individual in public places, it can be seen as cruel. Therefore, making the obese individual feel even worse. However you look at it, it's a major issue. Whether obese individuals want to admit why they "let" themselves get that way in the first place, that is their perogative. Obese individuals have to get it together, and solve their weight problems; mind and body. At the end of the day, it's that individuals problem, and they have to make the right choices to get healthy and remain healthy. As for an American problem, well, it's going to be that anyway as long as obesity remains an epidemic.*
Diva's Nation
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Friday, March 4, 2011
US teens, young adults 'doing it' less, study says!
(AP)Fewer teens and young adults are having sex, a government survey shows, and theories abound for why they're doing it less. Experts say this generation may be more cautious than their predecessors, more aware of sexually spread diseases. Or perhaps emphasis on abstinence in the past decade has had some influence.
Or maybe they're just too busy.
The study, released Thursday, is based on interviews of about 5,300 young people, ages 15 to 24. It shows the proportion in that age group who said they'd never had oral, vaginal or anal sex rose in the past decade from 22 percent to about 28 percent.
The findings are sure to surprise some parents who see skin and lust in the media and worry that sex is rampant.
"Many parents and adults look at teens and sex and see nothing but a blur of bare midriffs. They think things are terrible and getting worse," said Bill Albert, chief program officer for the National Campaign to Prevent
Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
There are other surveys of sexual behavior, but this is considered the largest and most reliable. "It's the gold standard," Albert said.
Health scientist Anjani Chandra of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention described the decline in sex as small but significant. She declined to speculate on the reasons. It's difficult to look for a trend earlier than 2002 because previous surveys did not gather as much detail about various types of sex, she added.
However, data over the years on vaginal intercourse among never-married adolescents shows a steady decline since 1988. That seems to be in sync with other CDC studies showing an overall drop in teen pregnancy.
That the trend began in the late 1980s seems to undermine the idea that abstinence-only sex education — heavily emphasized during the 2001-2009 presidency of George W. Bush — is the explanation, Albert said.
But it is possible those messages contributed, he added.
Comprehensive sex education — which includes abstinence but also teaches contraception and safer sex skills — didn't go away during the Bush years, said Elizabeth Schroeder, executive director of Answer, a national sex education organization at Rutgers University.
"We have been redoubling efforts and it has made an impact on these statistics," Schroeder said.
The leading influence on sexual activity among young adults is what parents teach and what peers are doing, experts said. And for whatever reason, smaller proportions are "doing it" than in the past.
"This generation is very focused on their future and not necessarily getting laid," agreed Washington, D.C.-based sex educator Yvonne Fulbright.
But she also suggested that some young men aren't making time for relationships.
"Some guys, at the end of the day, they'd rather channel their energy into music, playing their guitar or playing computer games," Fulbright said. "That's immediate gratification. People forget it takes work to woo somebody and keep her happy."
The study showed that 27 percent of young men and 29 percent of young women reported no sexual contact.
It looked at older adults, too. It was based on in-person interviews of about 13,500 men and women ages 15 to 44, conducted in the years 2006 through 2008. The results were compared with those of a similar survey done in 2002.
Participants were offered $40 for sitting for the interview, which usually lasted an hour and included answering very specific questions on a computer about oral sex, anal sex and other sexual activities.
Among other findings:
_More than half of young people who had oral sex said they did that before vaginal intercourse; that pattern was much more common in whites than blacks or Hispanics.
_Among young adults, the proportion who had had vaginal or oral sex declined. But the proportion who had anal sex held steady, at about 21 percent.
_For all ages in the study, women were more than twice as likely to have had sex with a same-gender partner than men were. That was true despite the fact that about the same proportion of male and female survey respondents described themselves as homosexual.
The explanation for that finding seems to be that women are much more willing to describe themselves as bisexual, or to at least acknowledge they find others of their gender attractive.
That may have a lot to do with television shows and other pop culture, which at times seems to celebrate woman-on-woman sexual contact, but not the same kind of behavior among men, said Michael Reece, director of Indiana University's Center for Sexual Health Promotion.
"My guess is women are just more likely to feel that's OK," he added.
There is an assumption that sex between females is more common among more educated women, perhaps experimenting with their sexuality during their college years. But the CDC study found that such behavior was more common among less educated women, Chandra said.
*The bottom line is more of our youth are "more aware" of their actions and what can spawn from bad choices. Many are focused on careers, getting a good education, and leading by example. However, you still have young people who are sexually active, but are taking precautions to eliminate getting pregnant, and STD's. Many more are saving themselves for marriage, as it's the right thing to do. At the end of the day, sex will always be on the mind of many, whether young or old. It comes down to the choices you make to have sex or sustain from it. Again it's about choices when it comes to sex.*
By: Diva's House
*Join The Coversation*
Or maybe they're just too busy.
The study, released Thursday, is based on interviews of about 5,300 young people, ages 15 to 24. It shows the proportion in that age group who said they'd never had oral, vaginal or anal sex rose in the past decade from 22 percent to about 28 percent.
The findings are sure to surprise some parents who see skin and lust in the media and worry that sex is rampant.
"Many parents and adults look at teens and sex and see nothing but a blur of bare midriffs. They think things are terrible and getting worse," said Bill Albert, chief program officer for the National Campaign to Prevent
Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
There are other surveys of sexual behavior, but this is considered the largest and most reliable. "It's the gold standard," Albert said.
Health scientist Anjani Chandra of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention described the decline in sex as small but significant. She declined to speculate on the reasons. It's difficult to look for a trend earlier than 2002 because previous surveys did not gather as much detail about various types of sex, she added.
However, data over the years on vaginal intercourse among never-married adolescents shows a steady decline since 1988. That seems to be in sync with other CDC studies showing an overall drop in teen pregnancy.
That the trend began in the late 1980s seems to undermine the idea that abstinence-only sex education — heavily emphasized during the 2001-2009 presidency of George W. Bush — is the explanation, Albert said.
But it is possible those messages contributed, he added.
Comprehensive sex education — which includes abstinence but also teaches contraception and safer sex skills — didn't go away during the Bush years, said Elizabeth Schroeder, executive director of Answer, a national sex education organization at Rutgers University.
"We have been redoubling efforts and it has made an impact on these statistics," Schroeder said.
The leading influence on sexual activity among young adults is what parents teach and what peers are doing, experts said. And for whatever reason, smaller proportions are "doing it" than in the past.
"This generation is very focused on their future and not necessarily getting laid," agreed Washington, D.C.-based sex educator Yvonne Fulbright.
But she also suggested that some young men aren't making time for relationships.
"Some guys, at the end of the day, they'd rather channel their energy into music, playing their guitar or playing computer games," Fulbright said. "That's immediate gratification. People forget it takes work to woo somebody and keep her happy."
The study showed that 27 percent of young men and 29 percent of young women reported no sexual contact.
It looked at older adults, too. It was based on in-person interviews of about 13,500 men and women ages 15 to 44, conducted in the years 2006 through 2008. The results were compared with those of a similar survey done in 2002.
Participants were offered $40 for sitting for the interview, which usually lasted an hour and included answering very specific questions on a computer about oral sex, anal sex and other sexual activities.
Among other findings:
_More than half of young people who had oral sex said they did that before vaginal intercourse; that pattern was much more common in whites than blacks or Hispanics.
_Among young adults, the proportion who had had vaginal or oral sex declined. But the proportion who had anal sex held steady, at about 21 percent.
_For all ages in the study, women were more than twice as likely to have had sex with a same-gender partner than men were. That was true despite the fact that about the same proportion of male and female survey respondents described themselves as homosexual.
The explanation for that finding seems to be that women are much more willing to describe themselves as bisexual, or to at least acknowledge they find others of their gender attractive.
That may have a lot to do with television shows and other pop culture, which at times seems to celebrate woman-on-woman sexual contact, but not the same kind of behavior among men, said Michael Reece, director of Indiana University's Center for Sexual Health Promotion.
"My guess is women are just more likely to feel that's OK," he added.
There is an assumption that sex between females is more common among more educated women, perhaps experimenting with their sexuality during their college years. But the CDC study found that such behavior was more common among less educated women, Chandra said.
*The bottom line is more of our youth are "more aware" of their actions and what can spawn from bad choices. Many are focused on careers, getting a good education, and leading by example. However, you still have young people who are sexually active, but are taking precautions to eliminate getting pregnant, and STD's. Many more are saving themselves for marriage, as it's the right thing to do. At the end of the day, sex will always be on the mind of many, whether young or old. It comes down to the choices you make to have sex or sustain from it. Again it's about choices when it comes to sex.*
By: Diva's House
*Join The Coversation*
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